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What is memory? -

According to psychologists, memory is the psychological process of obtaining, storing, retaining, and later retrieving information. The three major processes involved with memory are encoding, storage, and retrieval.

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How are memories formed? -

Memories are created when connections between neurons exist and they either strengthen the connection or grow new ones, known as synapses.

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Memories -

Reviewing and rehearsing information helps strengthen the connections between the synapses that store memory.

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How long do memories last? -

The time a memory lasts can vary greatly. Some might last only 20 to 30 seconds while others can last days, weeks, months, or even longer.

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Using memory -

After information is encoded into memory, it then has to be retrieved before you can use it. This is a process that is impacted by several factors.

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Organizing memory -

Accessing and retrieving long-term memories enables us to use them for decision-making, problem-solving, and social interactions. Memories are organized, through a semantic network model, where specific triggers activate related memories.

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Organizing memory -

For example, recalling a place can spark memories tied to experiences there. Stimuli like scents act as triggers and connect us to past events and people. Smells not only aid in identifying experiences but also evoke autobiographical memories, even in individuals with memory impairments like Alzheimer's.

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Three types of memory: sensory memory -

The earliest stage of memory is known as sensory memory. Within this particular stage, sensory information from the environment is stored for no longer than half a second for visual information and three to four seconds for auditory information.

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Short-term memory -

Short-term memory or active memory refers to the information we are presently aware of or thinking about.

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Long-term memory -

Long-term memory is the system that stores information for extended periods of time, from hours to as long as a lifetime. This type of memory allows us to retain knowledge, experiences, and skills over time.

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Why do we forget some memories? -

Four explanations exist for why we forgot. They are failure to store a memory, interference, motivated forgetting, and retrieval failure. Sometimes information is lost from our memories while other times it was never originally stored correctly.

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What can you do to improve memory? -

Some people have great memories while others might need some extra help recalling information. One idea is to write the thought down. Writing can help implant a memory in your mind and serve as a physical reminder later.

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Attach meaning to it -

Attaching meaning to something new can also help. For example, when you meet a new person, try to associate them with someone you already know with that same name and it will likely be easier to recall later.

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Repeat it -

Repetition will help a short-term memory be encoded for longer.

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Group it -

Consider categorizing information as it can be much easier to remember and thus recall later.

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Test yourself -

While studying and rehearsing information is helpful, research found that being tested on something is one of the best methods of improving recall.

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Get enough rest -

Research has found that adequate sleep is an important factor in learning and forming new memories.

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Use memorization techniques -

Rehearsing and using memorization strategies can help fight some minor memory problems.

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How to protect your memory: avoid stress -

The area associated with memory is known as the hippocampus and it can be negatively affected by stress. Minimize stress through things like meditation or mindful thinking.

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Get enough exercise -

Regular exercise or physical activity helps improve the flow of oxygen to the brain which is essential in the formation of synapses.

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Stimulate your brain -

Research has found that individuals with more mentally stimulating jobs aren't as likely to develop dementia. The old saying "use it or lose it" proves true in this case!

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Maintain a sense of self-efficacy -

To maintain good memory abilities, especially during old age, a strong sense of self-efficacy is important. Self-efficacy is defined as the sense of control you have over your life and destiny.

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Memorable experiences and decision-making -

Having memorable experiences helps in shaping long-term decision-making. For example, events such as weddings or career achievements that leave lasting impressions will affect future choices such as risk-taking and saving.

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What makes an experience “memorable"? -

Whether a moment is positive or negative, if it leaves a lasting impression or one that you mentally re-visit and "re-consume" then it can influence future behavior, choices, and even emotions.

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Memory's impact on cultural and personal identity -

A person's memory is not only central to them, their beliefs, perceptions, and values but also to the world. Through shared memories, we can connect with others and feel a sense of belonging that helps bind societies together.

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Memory as a cognitive tool in education -

In educational fields, memory helps students connect new knowledge with past experiences and develop a deeper more thorough understanding of their true identities.

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What role do stories play? - Stories shape our understanding of the world and ourselves. They are passed down from one generation to another and influence cultural identity and moral values. Engaging with stories can also enhance memory retention by connecting abstract concepts to emotional experiences.

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The challenge of letting some narratives go -

Certain stories, namely those tied to cultural or personal identity, can be difficult to release, even when they are outdated or harmful. These narratives shape our beliefs and behaviors, but they can also reinforce biases.

Sources: (The International Educator) (Neuroscience News) (Verywell Mind)

See also: How much of our brains do we actually use?

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