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Immigrants usually move for reasons such as better economic opportunities, joining family members, or escaping conflict.
Both groups have to adapt to their new culture, often experience language barriers, and at one point or another deal with being homesick.
Expats are usually sent abroad by their employers, while immigrants often face challenges with employment such as recognition of foreign qualifications and, thus, may start in roles that do not match their skills.
Since expats usually engage in limited stays, they often maintain a strong cultural identity with their home country. Immigrants, however, are more likely to assimilate into the local host culture as they seek to establish a permanent life in the new country.
Though it’s situation-dependent, expats generally come from higher socioeconomic backgrounds than immigrants. Many immigrants may also experience downward socioeconomic mobility until they establish themselves in their new country.
Both immigrants and expats might be faced with needing to learn a new language depending on where they move. It usually is more important, though, for immigrants, as they plan to stay permanently.
Both expats and immigrants often seek out communities of similar backgrounds to ease the transition into a new country, relying on groups and social networks.
Both can find support through community groups, social networks, and organizations dedicated to helping foreigners adjust to a new country.
Expats often remain tax residents of their home countries, thereby leading to dual tax obligations (unless treaties exist to avoid double taxation). Immigrants generally shift their tax obligations to their new country.
Expats and immigrants act as cultural ambassadors and bring their diverse cultural perspectives, which enriches the host community and fosters global connections through food, traditions, and language sharing.
Many immigrants pursue dual citizenship or a change of nationality, whereas expats usually retain their original citizenship.
Expats and immigrants often encounter cultural, language, and legal issues related to visas and work permits.
Expats typically contribute through their roles in international businesses, while immigrants often fill essential labor gaps and start new businesses.
Media portrayal of expats is often positive, highlighting their professional roles, whereas immigrants can be subject to more negative stereotypes, focusing on issues such as them being an economic burden.
Government policies may favor expats temporarily living abroad with provisions like tax breaks or housing allowances, whereas immigrants often face tougher regulations and fewer benefits.
Expats often enjoy access to international schools and continuing professional education. Immigrants, however, face more challenges, including limited access to schooling in their language.
While expats generally have limited rights to participate in local politics, immigrants can sometimes engage more deeply in politics, especially if they gain citizenship or legal status.
Expats often return home after their assignment ends, but the transition can be challenging, as they may experience reverse culture shock. Immigrants may plan to return eventually, or may remain abroad indefinitely.
Both groups contribute economically to their host and home countries in different ways. Increased spending by expats and immigrants adds to the economy.
Each group has positive, yet different outcomes. For expats, they typically include enhanced career prospects and a broadened worldview, whereas immigrants may achieve significant life changes like an improved quality of life.
Sources: (Moneycorp) (BBC) (Expatica) (Expat Tax Online)
Imagine leaving the country where you were born and lived for years of your life, possibly even decades, to start a new life elsewhere. You’ve likely heard the terms before and perhaps even thought they were the same thing, however, "expats" and "immigrants" are actually two distinct groups. While the two do have commonalities, many things differentiate them. Whether you fall into one of these groups yourself, know someone who does, or are simply curious about the words you hear in the news, this guide will break down the characteristics of each group for you. Simply click through to learn more.
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Imagine leaving the country where you were born and lived for years of your life, possibly even decades, to start a new life elsewhere. You’ve likely heard the terms before and perhaps even thought they were the same thing, however, "expats" and "immigrants" are actually two distinct groups. While the two do have commonalities, many things differentiate them. Whether you fall into one of these groups yourself, know someone who does, or are simply curious about the words you hear in the news, this guide will break down the characteristics of each group for you. Simply click through to learn more.